E
- the type of elements held in this collectionpublic class PriorityBlockingQueue<E> extends AbstractQueue<E> implements BlockingQueue<E>, Serializable
An unbounded blocking queue that uses the same ordering rules as class PriorityQueue
and supplies blocking retrieval operations. While this queue is logically unbounded, attempted additions may fail due to resource exhaustion (causing OutOfMemoryError
). This class does not permit null
elements. A priority queue relying on natural ordering also does not permit insertion of non-comparable objects (doing so results in ClassCastException
).
This class and its iterator implement all of the optional methods of the Collection
and Iterator
interfaces. The Iterator provided in method iterator()
is not guaranteed to traverse the elements of the PriorityBlockingQueue in any particular order. If you need ordered traversal, consider using Arrays.sort(pq.toArray())
. Also, method drainTo
can be used to remove some or all elements in priority order and place them in another collection.
Operations on this class make no guarantees about the ordering of elements with equal priority. If you need to enforce an ordering, you can define custom classes or comparators that use a secondary key to break ties in primary priority values. For example, here is a class that applies first-in-first-out tie-breaking to comparable elements. To use it, you would insert a new FIFOEntry(anEntry)
instead of a plain entry object.
class FIFOEntry<E extends Comparable<? super E>> implements Comparable<FIFOEntry<E>> { static final AtomicLong seq = new AtomicLong(0); final long seqNum; final E entry; public FIFOEntry(E entry) { seqNum = seq.getAndIncrement(); this.entry = entry; } public E getEntry() { return entry; } public int compareTo(FIFOEntry<E> other) { int res = entry.compareTo(other.entry); if (res == 0 && other.entry != this.entry) res = (seqNum < other.seqNum ? -1 : 1); return res; } }
This class is a member of the Java Collections Framework.
public PriorityBlockingQueue()
Creates a PriorityBlockingQueue
with the default initial capacity (11) that orders its elements according to their natural ordering.
public PriorityBlockingQueue(int initialCapacity)
Creates a PriorityBlockingQueue
with the specified initial capacity that orders its elements according to their natural ordering.
initialCapacity
- the initial capacity for this priority queueIllegalArgumentException
- if initialCapacity
is less than 1public PriorityBlockingQueue(int initialCapacity, Comparator<? super E> comparator)
Creates a PriorityBlockingQueue
with the specified initial capacity that orders its elements according to the specified comparator.
initialCapacity
- the initial capacity for this priority queuecomparator
- the comparator that will be used to order this priority queue. If null
, the natural ordering of the elements will be used.IllegalArgumentException
- if initialCapacity
is less than 1public PriorityBlockingQueue(Collection<? extends E> c)
Creates a PriorityBlockingQueue
containing the elements in the specified collection. If the specified collection is a SortedSet
or a PriorityQueue
, this priority queue will be ordered according to the same ordering. Otherwise, this priority queue will be ordered according to the natural ordering of its elements.
c
- the collection whose elements are to be placed into this priority queueClassCastException
- if elements of the specified collection cannot be compared to one another according to the priority queue's orderingNullPointerException
- if the specified collection or any of its elements are nullpublic boolean add(E e)
Inserts the specified element into this priority queue.
add
in interface Collection<E>
add
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
add
in interface Queue<E>
add
in class AbstractQueue<E>
e
- the element to addtrue
(as specified by Collection.add(E)
)ClassCastException
- if the specified element cannot be compared with elements currently in the priority queue according to the priority queue's orderingNullPointerException
- if the specified element is nullpublic boolean offer(E e)
Inserts the specified element into this priority queue. As the queue is unbounded, this method will never return false
.
offer
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
offer
in interface Queue<E>
e
- the element to addtrue
(as specified by Queue.offer(E)
)ClassCastException
- if the specified element cannot be compared with elements currently in the priority queue according to the priority queue's orderingNullPointerException
- if the specified element is nullpublic void put(E e)
Inserts the specified element into this priority queue. As the queue is unbounded, this method will never block.
put
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
e
- the element to addClassCastException
- if the specified element cannot be compared with elements currently in the priority queue according to the priority queue's orderingNullPointerException
- if the specified element is nullpublic boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
Inserts the specified element into this priority queue. As the queue is unbounded, this method will never block or return false
.
offer
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
e
- the element to addtimeout
- This parameter is ignored as the method never blocksunit
- This parameter is ignored as the method never blockstrue
(as specified by BlockingQueue.offer
)ClassCastException
- if the specified element cannot be compared with elements currently in the priority queue according to the priority queue's orderingNullPointerException
- if the specified element is nullpublic E poll()
Description copied from interface: Queue
Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, or returns null
if this queue is empty.
poll
in interface Queue<E>
null
if this queue is emptypublic E take() throws InterruptedException
Description copied from interface: BlockingQueue
Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting if necessary until an element becomes available.
take
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
InterruptedException
- if interrupted while waitingpublic E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException
Description copied from interface: BlockingQueue
Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available.
poll
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
timeout
- how long to wait before giving up, in units of unit
unit
- a TimeUnit
determining how to interpret the timeout
parameternull
if the specified waiting time elapses before an element is availableInterruptedException
- if interrupted while waitingpublic E peek()
Description copied from interface: Queue
Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of this queue, or returns null
if this queue is empty.
peek
in interface Queue<E>
null
if this queue is emptypublic Comparator<? super E> comparator()
Returns the comparator used to order the elements in this queue, or null
if this queue uses the natural ordering of its elements.
null
if this queue uses the natural ordering of its elementspublic int size()
Description copied from interface: Collection
Returns the number of elements in this collection. If this collection contains more than Integer.MAX_VALUE
elements, returns Integer.MAX_VALUE
.
size
in interface Collection<E>
size
in class AbstractCollection<E>
public int remainingCapacity()
Always returns Integer.MAX_VALUE
because a PriorityBlockingQueue
is not capacity constrained.
remainingCapacity
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
Integer.MAX_VALUE
alwayspublic boolean remove(Object o)
Removes a single instance of the specified element from this queue, if it is present. More formally, removes an element e
such that o.equals(e)
, if this queue contains one or more such elements. Returns true
if and only if this queue contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this queue changed as a result of the call).
remove
in interface Collection<E>
remove
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
remove
in class AbstractCollection<E>
o
- element to be removed from this queue, if presenttrue
if this queue changed as a result of the callpublic boolean contains(Object o)
Returns true
if this queue contains the specified element. More formally, returns true
if and only if this queue contains at least one element e
such that o.equals(e)
.
contains
in interface Collection<E>
contains
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
contains
in class AbstractCollection<E>
o
- object to be checked for containment in this queuetrue
if this queue contains the specified elementpublic Object[] toArray()
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue. The returned array elements are in no particular order.
The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are maintained by this queue. (In other words, this method must allocate a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.
toArray
in interface Collection<E>
toArray
in class AbstractCollection<E>
public String toString()
Description copied from class: AbstractCollection
Returns a string representation of this collection. The string representation consists of a list of the collection's elements in the order they are returned by its iterator, enclosed in square brackets ("[]"
). Adjacent elements are separated by the characters ", "
(comma and space). Elements are converted to strings as by String.valueOf(Object)
.
toString
in class AbstractCollection<E>
public int drainTo(Collection<? super E> c)
Description copied from interface: BlockingQueue
Removes all available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection. This operation may be more efficient than repeatedly polling this queue. A failure encountered while attempting to add elements to collection c
may result in elements being in neither, either or both collections when the associated exception is thrown. Attempts to drain a queue to itself result in IllegalArgumentException
. Further, the behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation is in progress.
drainTo
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
c
- the collection to transfer elements intoUnsupportedOperationException
- if addition of elements is not supported by the specified collectionClassCastException
- if the class of an element of this queue prevents it from being added to the specified collectionNullPointerException
- if the specified collection is nullIllegalArgumentException
- if the specified collection is this queue, or some property of an element of this queue prevents it from being added to the specified collectionpublic int drainTo(Collection<? super E> c, int maxElements)
Description copied from interface: BlockingQueue
Removes at most the given number of available elements from this queue and adds them to the given collection. A failure encountered while attempting to add elements to collection c
may result in elements being in neither, either or both collections when the associated exception is thrown. Attempts to drain a queue to itself result in IllegalArgumentException
. Further, the behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation is in progress.
drainTo
in interface BlockingQueue<E>
c
- the collection to transfer elements intomaxElements
- the maximum number of elements to transferUnsupportedOperationException
- if addition of elements is not supported by the specified collectionClassCastException
- if the class of an element of this queue prevents it from being added to the specified collectionNullPointerException
- if the specified collection is nullIllegalArgumentException
- if the specified collection is this queue, or some property of an element of this queue prevents it from being added to the specified collectionpublic void clear()
Atomically removes all of the elements from this queue. The queue will be empty after this call returns.
clear
in interface Collection<E>
clear
in class AbstractQueue<E>
public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a)
Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue; the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. The returned array elements are in no particular order. If the queue fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of this queue.
If this queue fits in the specified array with room to spare (i.e., the array has more elements than this queue), the element in the array immediately following the end of the queue is set to null
.
Like the toArray()
method, this method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.
Suppose x
is a queue known to contain only strings. The following code can be used to dump the queue into a newly allocated array of String
:
String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);Note that
toArray(new Object[0])
is identical in function to toArray()
.toArray
in interface Collection<E>
toArray
in class AbstractCollection<E>
T
- the runtime type of the array to contain the collectiona
- the array into which the elements of the queue are to be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same runtime type is allocated for this purposeArrayStoreException
- if the runtime type of the specified array is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in this queueNullPointerException
- if the specified array is nullpublic Iterator<E> iterator()
Returns an iterator over the elements in this queue. The iterator does not return the elements in any particular order.
The returned iterator is weakly consistent.
iterator
in interface Iterable<E>
iterator
in interface Collection<E>
iterator
in class AbstractCollection<E>
public Spliterator<E> spliterator()
Returns a Spliterator
over the elements in this queue.
The returned spliterator is weakly consistent.
The Spliterator
reports Spliterator.SIZED
and Spliterator.NONNULL
.
spliterator
in interface Iterable<E>
spliterator
in interface Collection<E>
Spliterator
additionally reports Spliterator.SUBSIZED
.Spliterator
over the elements in this queue
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Documentation extracted from Debian's OpenJDK Development Kit package.
Licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 2, with the Classpath Exception.
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