Mariabackup Options

There are a number of options available in Mariabackup.

List of Options

--apply-log

Prepares an existing backup to restore to the MariaDB Server. This is only valid in innobackupex mode, which can be enabled with the --innobackupex option.

Files that Mariabackup generates during --backup operations in the target directory are not ready for use on the Server. Before you can restore the data to MariaDB, you first need to prepare the backup.

In the case of full backups, the files are not point in time consistent, since they were taken at different times. If you try to restore the database without first preparing the data, InnoDB rejects the new data as corrupt. Running Mariabackup with the --prepare command readies the data so you can restore it to MariaDB Server. When working with incremental backups, you need to use the --prepare command and the --incremental-dir option to update the base backup with the deltas from an incremental backup.

$ mariabackup --innobackupex --apply-log

Once the backup is ready, you can use the --copy-back or the --move-back commands to restore the backup to the server.

--apply-log-only

If this option is used when preparing a backup, then only the redo log apply stage will be performed, and other stages of crash recovery will be ignored. This option is used with incremental backups.

This option is only supported in MariaDB 10.1. In MariaDB 10.2 and later, this option is not needed or supported.

--backup

Backs up your databases.

Using this command option, Mariabackup performs a backup operation on your database or databases. The backups are written to the target directory, as set by the --target-dir option.

$ mariabackup --backup 
      --target-dir /path/to/backup \
      --user user_name --password user_passwd

Mariabackup can perform full and incremental backups. A full backup creates a snapshot of the database in the target directory. An incremental backup checks the database against a previously taken full backup, (defined by the --incremental-basedir option) and creates delta files for these changes.

In order to restore from a backup, you first need to run Mariabackup with the --prepare command option, to make a full backup point-in-time consistent or to apply incremental backup deltas to base. Then you can run Mariabackup again with either the --copy-back or --move-back commands to restore the database.

For more information, see Full Backup and Restore and Incremental Backup and Restore.

--binlog-info

Defines how Mariabackup retrieves the binary log coordinates from the server.

--binlog-info[=OFF | ON | LOCKLESS | AUTO]

The --binlog-info option supports the following retrieval methods. When no retrieval method is provided, it defaults to AUTO.

Using this option, you can control how Mariabackup retrieves the server's binary log coordinates corresponding to the backup.

When enabled, whether using ON or AUTO, Mariabackup retrieves information from the binlog during the backup process. When disabled with OFF, Mariabackup runs without attempting to retrieve binary log information. You may find this useful when you need to copy data without metadata like the binlog or replication coordinates.

$ mariabackup --binlog-info --backup

Currently, the LOCKLESS option depends on features unsupported by MariaDB Server. See the description of the xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb file for more information. If you attempt to run Mariabackup with this option, then it causes the utility to exit with an error.

--close-files

Defines whether you want to close file handles.

Using this option, you can tell Mariabackup that you want to close file handles. Without this option, Mariabackup keeps files open in order to manage DDL operations. When working with particularly large tablespaces, closing the file can make the backup more manageable. However, it can also lead to inconsistent backups. Use at your own risk.

$ mariabackup --close-files --prepare

--compress

Defines the compression algorithm for backup files. Deprecated. It is recommended to backup to stream (stdout), and use a 3rd party compression library to compress the stream, as described in Using Encryption and Compression Tools With Mariabackup.

--compress[=compression_algorithm]

The --compress option supports the following algorithms. When no algorithm is provided, it defaults to quicklz.

Using this option, you can tell Mariabackup to compress its backup files before writing them to disk. You may find this useful when backing up particularly large databases.

You can optionally pass a value to this option, defining what compression algorithm you want to use for this process. However, currently, Mariabackup only supports the QuickLZ algorithm, which is the default value.

$ mariabackup --compress --backup

To further configure backup compression, see the --compress-threads and --compress-chunk-size options.

If a backup is compressed, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

--compress-chunk-size

Defines the working buffer size for compression threads.

--compress-chunk-size=#

Mariabackup can perform compression operations on the backup files before writing them to disk. It can also use multiple threads for parallel data compression during this process. Using this option, you can set the chunk size each thread uses during compression. It defaults to 64K.

$ mariabackup --backup --compress \
     --compress-threads=12 --compress-chunk-size=5M

To further configure backup compression, see the --compress and --compress-threads options.

--compress-threads

Defines the number of threads to use in compression.

--compress-threads=#

Mariabackup can perform compression operations on the backup files before writing them to disk. Using this option, you can define the number of threads you want to use for this operation. You may find this useful in speeding up the compression of particularly large databases. It defaults to single-threaded.

$ mariabackup --compress --compress-threads=12 --backup

To further configure backup compression, see the --compress and --compress-chunk-size options.

--copy-back

Restores the backup to the data directory.

Using this command, Mariabackup copies the backup from the target directory to the data directory, as defined by the --datadir option. You must stop the MariaDB Server before running this command. The data directory must be empty. If you want to overwrite the data directory with the backup, use the --force-non-empty-directories option.

Bear in mind, before you can restore a backup, you first need to run Mariabackup with the --prepare option. In the case of full backups, this makes the files point-in-time consistent. With incremental backups, this applies the deltas to the base backup. Once the backup is prepared, you can run --copy-back to apply it to MariaDB Server.

$ mariabackup --copy-back --force-non-empty-directories --backup

Running the --copy-back command copies the backup files to the data directory. Use this command if you want to save the backup for later. If you don't want to save the backup for later, use the --move-back command.

--core-file

Defines whether to write a core file.

Using this option, you can configure Mariabackup to dump its core to file in the event that it encounters fatal signals. You may find this useful for review and debugging purposes.

$ mariabackup --core-file --backup

--databases

Defines the databases and tables you want to back up.

--databases="database[.table][ database[.table] ...]"

Using this option, you can define the specific database or databases you want to back up. In cases where you have a particularly large database or otherwise only want to back up a portion of it, you can optionally also define the tables on the database.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --databases="example.table1 example.table2"

In cases where you want to back up most databases on a server or tables on a database, but not all, you can set the specific databases or tables you don't want to back up using the --databases-exclude option.

If a backup is a partial backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

In innobackupex mode, which can be enabled with the --innobackupex option, the --databases option can be used as described above, or it can be used to refer to a file, just as the --databases-file option can in the normal mode.

--databases-exclude

Defines the databases you don't want to back up.

--databases-exclude="database[.table][ database[.table] ...]"

Using this option, you can define the specific database or databases you want to exclude from the backup process. You may find it useful when you want to back up most databases on the server or tables on a database, but would like to exclude a few from the process.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --databases="example" \
      --databases-exclude="example.table1 example.table2"

To include databases in the backup, see the --databases option option

If a backup is a partial backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

--databases-file

Defines the path to a file listing databases and/or tables you want to back up.

--databases-file="/path/to/database-file"

Format the databases file to list one element per line, with the following syntax:

database[.table]

In cases where you need to back up a number of databases or specific tables in a database, you may find the syntax for the --databases and --databases-exclude options a little cumbersome. Using this option you can set the path to a file listing the databases or databases and tables you want to back up.

For instance, imagine you list the databases and tables for a backup in a file called main-backup.

$ cat main-backup
example1
example2.table1
example2.table2

$ mariabackup --backup --databases-file=main-backup

If a backup is a partial backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

-h, --datadir

Defines the path to the database root.

--datadir=PATH

Using this option, you can define the path to the source directory. This is the directory that Mariabackup reads for the data it backs up. It should be the same as the MariaDB Server datadir system variable.

$ mariabackup --backup -h /var/lib64/mysql

--debug-sleep-before-unlock

This is a debug-only option used by the Xtrabackup test suite.

--decompress

Defines whether you want to decompress previously compressed backup files. Deprecated. It is recommended to backup to stream (stdout), and use a 3rd party compression library to compress the stream, as described in Using Encryption and Compression Tools With Mariabackup.

When you run Mariabackup with the --compress option, it compresses the subsequent backup files, using the QuickLZ algorithm by default, (which is currently the only available compression algorithm). Using this option, Mariabackup decompresses the compressed files from a previous backup.

For instance, run a backup with compression,

$ mariabackup --compress --backup

Then decompress the backup,

$ mariabackup --decompress

You can enable the decryption of multiple files at a time using the --parallel option. By default, Mariabackup does not remove the compressed files from the target directory. If you want to delete these files, use the --remove-original option.

This option requires that you have the qpress utility installed on your system.

--debug-sync

Defines the debug sync point. This option is only used by the Mariabackup test suite.

--defaults-extra-file

Defines the path to an extra default option file.

--defaults-extra-file=/path/to/config

Using this option, you can define an extra default option file for Mariabackup. Unlike --defaults-file, this file is read after the default option files are read, allowing you to only overwrite the existing defaults.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --defaults-file-extra=addition-config.cnf \
      --defaults-file=config.cnf

--defaults-file

Defines the path to the default option file.

--defaults-file=/path/to/config

Using this option, you can define a default option file for Mariabackup. Unlike the --defaults-extra-file option, when this option is provided, it completely replaces all default option files.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --defaults-file="config.cnf

--defaults-group

Defines the option group to read in the option file.

--defaults-group="name"

In situations where you find yourself using certain Mariabackup options consistently every time you call it, you can set the options in an option file. The --defaults-group option defines what option group Mariabackup reads for its options.

Options you define from the command-line can be set in the configuration file using minor formatting changes. For instance, if you find yourself perform compression operations frequently, you might set --compress-threads and --compress-chunk-size options in this way:

[mariabackup]
compress_threads = 12
compress_chunk_size = 64K

Now whenever you run a backup with the --compress option, it always performs the compression using 12 threads and 64K chunks.

$ mariabackup --compress --backup

See Mariabackup Overview: Server Option Groups and Mariabackup Overview: Client Option Groups for a list of the option groups read by Mariabackup by default.

--encrypted-backup

When this option is used with --backup, if Mariabackup encounters a page that has a non-zero key_version value, then Mariabackup assumes that the page is encrypted.

Use --skip-encrypted-backup instead to allow Mariabackup to copy unencrypted tables that were originally created before MySQL 5.1.48.

This option was added in MariaDB 10.2.22, MariaDB 10.3.13, and MariaDB 10.4.2.

--export

If this option is provided during the --prepare stage, then it tells Mariabackup to create .cfg files for each InnoDB file-per-table tablespace. These .cfg files are used to import transportable tablespaces in the process of restoring partial backups and restoring individual tables and partitions. .

$ mariabackup --prepare --export

--extra-lsndir

Saves an extra copy of the xtrabackup_checkpoints and xtrabackup_info files into the given directory.

--extra-lsndir=PATH

When using the --backup command option, Mariabackup produces a number of backup files in the target directory. Using this option, you can have Mariabackup produce additional copies of the xtrabackup_checkpoints and xtrabackup_info# files in the given directory.

$ mariabackup --extra-lsndir=extras/ --backup

--force-non-empty-directories

Allows --copy-back or --move-back command options to use non-empty target directories.

When using Mariabackup with the --copy-back or --move-back command options, they normally require a non-empty target directory to avoid conflicts. Using this option with either of command allows Mariabackup to use a non-empty directory.

$ mariabackup --force-on-empty-directories --copy-back

Bear in mind that this option does not enable overwrites. When copying or moving files into the target directory, if Mariabackup finds that the target file already exists, it fails with an error.

--ftwrl-wait-query-type

Defines the type of query allowed to complete before Mariabackup issues the global lock.

--ftwrl-wait-query-type=[ALL | UPDATE | SELECT]

The --ftwrl-wait-query-type option supports the following query types. The default value is ALL.

When Mariabackup runs, it issues a global lock to prevent data from changing during the backup process. When it encounters a statement in the process of executing, it waits until the statement is finished before issuing the global lock. Using this option, you can modify this default behavior to ensure that it waits only for certain query types, such as for SELECT and UPDATE statements.

$ mariabackup --backup  \
      --ftwrl-wait-query-type=UPDATE

--ftwrl-wait-threshold

Defines the minimum threshold for identifying long-running queries for FTWRL.

--ftwrl-wait-threshold=#

When Mariabackup runs, it issues a global lock to prevent data from changing during the backup process and ensure a consistent record. If it encounters statements still in the process of executing, it waits until they complete before setting the lock. Using this option, you can set the threshold at which Mariabackup engages FTWRL. When it --ftwrl-wait-timeout is not 0 and a statement has run for at least the amount of time given this argument, Mariabackup waits until the statement completes or until the --ftwrl-wait-timeout expires before setting the global lock and starting the backup.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --ftwrl-wait-timeout=90 \
     --ftwrl-wait-threshold=30

--ftwrl-wait-timeout

Defines the timeout to wait for FTWRL queries before setting the global lock.

--ftwrl-wait-timeout=#

When Mariabackup runs, it issues a global lock to prevent data from changing during the backup process and ensure a consistent record. If it encounters statements still in the process of executing, it waits until they complete before setting the lock. Using this option, you can set the number of seconds it waits, to prevent long-running queries from blocking the backup process. The default value is 0, which indicates that Mariabackup does not wait for queries to complete.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --ftwrl-wait-query-type=UPDATE \
      --ftwrl-wait-timeout=5

--galera-info

Defines whether you want to back up information about a Galera Cluster node's state.

When this option is used, Mariabackup creates an additional file called xtrabackup_galera_info, which records information about a Galera Cluster node's state. It records the values of the wsrep_local_state_uuid and wsrep_last_committed status variables.

You should only use this option when backing up a Galera Cluster node. If the server is not a Galera Cluster node, then this option has no effect.

$ mariabackup --backup --galera-info

--history

Defines whether you want to track backup history in the PERCONA_SCHEMA.xtrabackup_history table.

--history[=name]

When using this option, Mariabackup records its operation in a table on the MariaDB Server. Passing a name to this option allows you group backups under arbitrary terms for later processing and analysis.

$ mariabackup --backup --history=backup_all

Currently, the table it uses is named PERCONA_SCHEMA.xtrabackup_history, but expect that name to change in future releases. See MDEV-19246 for more information.

Mariabackup will also record this in the xtrabackup_info file.

-H, --host

Defines the host for the MariaDB Server you want to backup.

--host=name

Using this option, you can define the host to use when connecting to a MariaDB Server over TCP/IP. By default, Mariabackup attempts to connect to the local host.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --host="example.com"

--include

This option is a regular expression to be matched against table names in databasename.tablename format. It is equivalent to the --tables option. This is only valid in innobackupex mode, which can be enabled with the --innobackupex option.

--incremental

Defines whether you want to take an increment backup, based on another backup. This is only valid in innobackupex mode, which can be enabled with the --innobackupex option.

mariabackup --innobackupex --incremental

Using this option with the --backup command option makes the operation incremental rather than a complete overwrite. When this option is specified, either the --incremental-lsn or --incremental-basedir options can also be given. If neither option is given, option --incremental-basedir is used by default, set to the first timestamped backup directory in the backup base directory.

$ mariabackup --innobackupex --backup --incremental \
     --incremental-basedir=/data/backups \
     --target-dir=/data/backups

If a backup is a incremental backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

--incremental-basedir

Defines whether you want to take an incremental backup, based on another backup.

--incremental-basedir=PATH

Using this option with the --backup command option makes the operation incremental rather than a complete overwrite. Mariabackup will only copy pages from .ibd files if they are newer than the backup in the specified directory.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --incremental-basedir=/data/backups \
     --target-dir=/data/backups

If a backup is a incremental backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

--incremental-dir

Defines whether you want to take an incremental backup, based on another backup.

--increment-dir=PATH

Using this option with --prepare command option makes the operation incremental rather than a complete overwrite. Mariabackup will apply .delta files and log files into the target directory.

$ mariabackup --prepare \
      --increment-dir=backups/

If a backup is a incremental backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

--incremental-force-scan

Defines whether you want to force a full scan for incremental backups.

When using Mariabackup to perform an incremental backup, this option forces it to also perform a full scan of the data pages being backed up, even when there's bitmap data on the changes. MariaDB 10.2 and later does not support changed page bitmaps, so this option is useless in those versions. See MDEV-18985 for more information.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --incremental-basedir=/path/to/target \
     --incremental-force-scan

--incremental-history-name

Defines a logical name for the backup.

--incremental-history-name=name

Mariabackup can store data about its operations on the MariaDB Server. Using this option, you can define the logical name it uses in identifying the backup.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --incremental-history-name=morning_backup

Currently, the table it uses is named PERCONA_SCHEMA.xtrabackup_history, but expect that name to change in future releases. See MDEV-19246 for more information.

Mariabackup will also record this in the xtrabackup_info file.

--incremental-history-uuid

Defines a UUID for the backup.

--incremental-history-uuid=name

Mariabackup can store data about its operations on the MariaDB Server. Using this option, you can define the UUID it uses in identifying a previous backup to increment from. It checks --incremental-history-name, --incremental-basedir, and --incremental-lsn. If Mariabackup fails to find a valid lsn, it generates an error.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --incremental-history-uuid=main-backup012345678

Currently, the table it uses is named PERCONA_SCHEMA.xtrabackup_history, but expect that name to change in future releases. See MDEV-19246 for more information.

Mariabackup will also record this in the xtrabackup_info file.

--incremental-lsn

Defines the sequence number for incremental backups.

--incremental-lsn=name

Using this option, you can define the sequence number (LSN) value for --backup operations. During backups, Mariabackup only copies .ibd pages newer than the specified values.

WARNING: Incorrect LSN values can make the backup unusable. It is impossible to diagnose this issue.

--innobackupex

Enables innobackupex mode, which is a compatibility mode.

$ mariabackup --innobackupex

In innobackupex mode, Mariabackup has the following differences:

• To prepare a backup, the --apply-log option is used instead of the --prepare option.
• To create an incremental backup, the --incremental option is supported.
• The --no-timestamp option is supported.
• To create a partial backup, the --include option is used instead of the --tables option.
• To create a partial backup, the --databases option can still be used, but it's behavior changes slightly.
• The --target-dir option is not used to specify the backup directory. The backup directory should instead be specified as a standalone argument.

The primary purpose of innobackupex mode is to allow scripts and tools to more easily migrate to Mariabackup if they were originally designed to use the innobackupex utility that is included with Percona XtraBackup. It is not recommended to use this mode in new scripts, since it is not guaranteed to be supported forever. See MDEV-20552 for more information.

--innodb

This option has no effect. Set only for MySQL option compatibility.

--innodb-adaptive-hash-index

Enables InnoDB Adaptive Hash Index.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option you can explicitly enable the InnoDB Adaptive Hash Index. This feature is enabled by default for Mariabackup. If you want to disable it, use --skip-innodb-adaptive-hash-index.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --innodb-adaptive-hash-index

--innodb-autoextend-increment

Defines the increment in megabytes for auto-extending the size of tablespace file.

--innodb-autoextend-increment=36

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can set the increment in megabytes for automatically extending the size of tablespace data file in InnoDB.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-autoextend-increment=35

--innodb-buffer-pool-filename

Using this option has no effect. It is available to provide compatibility with the MariaDB Server.

--innodb-buffer-pool-size

Defines the memory buffer size InnoDB uses the cache data and indexes of the table.

--innodb-buffer-pool-size=124M

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can configure the buffer pool for InnoDB operations.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --innodb-buffer-pool-size=124M

--innodb-checksum-algorithm

Defines the checksum algorithm.

--innodb-checksum-algorithm=crc32
                           | strict_crc32
                           | innodb
                           | strict_innodb
                           | none
                           | strict_none 

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can specify the algorithm Mariabackup uses when checksumming on InnoDB tables. Currently, MariaDB supports the following algorithms CRC32, STRICT_CRC32, INNODB, STRICT_INNODB, NONE, STRICT_NONE.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      ---innodb-checksum-algorithm=strict_innodb

--innodb-data-file-path

Defines the path to individual data files.

--innodb-data-file-path=/path/to/file

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option you can define the path to InnoDB data files. Each path is appended to the --innodb-data-home-dir option.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-data-file-path=ibdata1:13M:autoextend \
     --innodb-data-home-dir=/var/dbs/mysql/data

--innodb-data-home-dir

Defines the home directory for InnoDB data files.

--innodb-data-home-dir=PATH

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option you can define the path to the directory containing InnoDB data files. You can specific the files using the --innodb-data-file-path option.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-data-file-path=ibdata1:13M:autoextend \
     --innodb-data-home-dir=/var/dbs/mysql/data

--innodb-doublewrite

Enables doublewrites for InnoDB tables.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. When using this option, Mariabackup improves fault tolerance on InnoDB tables with a doublewrite buffer. By default, this feature is enabled. Use this option to explicitly enable it. To disable doublewrites, use the --skip-innodb-doublewrite option.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-doublewrite

--innodb-encrypt-log

Defines whether you want to encrypt InnoDB logs.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can tell Mariabackup that you want to encrypt logs from its InnoDB activity.

--innodb-file-io-threads

Defines the number of file I/O threads in InnoDB.

--innodb-file-io-threads=#

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can define the number of file I/O threads Mariabackup uses on InnoDB tables.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-file-io-threads=5

--innodb-file-per-table

Defines whether you want to store each InnoDB table as an .ibd file.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option causes Mariabackup to store each InnoDB table as an .ibd file in the target directory.

--innodb-flush-method

Defines the data flush method.

--innodb-flush-method=fdatasync 
                     | O_DSYNC 
                     | O_DIRECT 
                     | O_DIRECT_NO_FSYNC 
                     | ALL_O_DIRECT

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can define the data flush method Mariabackup uses with InnoDB tables.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --innodb-flush-method==_DIRECT_NO_FSYNC

Note, the 0_DIRECT_NO_FSYNC method is only available with MariaDB 10.0 and later. The ALL_O_DIRECT method available with version 5.5 and later, but only with tables using the XtraDB storage engine.

--innodb-io-capacity

Defines the number of IOP's the utility can perform.

--innodb-io-capacity=#

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can limit the I/O activity for InnoDB background tasks. It should be set around the number of I/O operations per second that the system can handle, based on drive or drives being used.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-io-capacity=200

--innodb-log-checksums

Defines whether to include checksums in the InnoDB logs.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can explicitly set Mariabackup to include checksums in the InnoDB logs. The feature is enabled by default. To disable it, use the --skip-innodb-log-checksums option.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --innodb-log-checksums

--innodb-log-buffer-size

This option has no functionality in Mariabackup. It exists for MariaDB Server compatibility.

--innodb-log-files-in-group

This option has no functionality in Mariabackup. It exists for MariaDB Server compatibility.

--innodb-log-group-home-dir

Defines the path to InnoDB log files.

--innodb-log-group-home-dir=PATH

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can define the path to InnoDB log files.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-log-group-home-dir=/path/to/logs

--innodb-max-dirty-pages-pct

Defines the percentage of dirty pages allowed in the InnoDB buffer pool.

--innodb-max-dirty-pages-pct=#

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can define the maximum percentage of dirty, (that is, unwritten) pages that Mariabackup allows in the InnoDB buffer pool.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-max-dirty-pages-pct=80

--innodb-open-files

Defines the number of files kept open at a time.

--innodb-open-files=#

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can set the maximum number of files InnoDB keeps open at a given time during backups.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --innodb-open-files=10

--innodb-page-size

Defines the universal page size.

--innodb-page-size=#

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can define the universal page size in bytes for Mariabackup.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-page-size=16k

--innodb-read-io-threads

Defines the number of background read I/O threads in InnoDB.

--innodb-read-io-threads=#

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can set the number of I/O threads MariaDB uses when reading from InnoDB.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --innodb-read-io-threads=4

--innodb-undo-directory

Defines the directory for the undo tablespace files.

--innodb-undo-directory=PATH

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can define the path to the directory where you want MariaDB to store the undo tablespace on InnoDB tables. The path can be absolute.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-undo-directory=/path/to/innodb_undo

--innodb-undo-tablespaces

Defines the number of undo tablespaces to use.

--innodb-undo-tablespaces=#

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can define the number of undo tablespaces you want to use during the backup.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --innodb-undo-tablespaces=10

--innodb-use-native-aio

Defines whether you want to use native AI/O.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can enable the use of the native asynchronous I/O subsystem. It is only available on Linux operating systems.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --innodb-use-native-aio

--innodb-write-io-threads

Defines the number of background write I/O threads in InnoDB.

--innodb-write-io-threads=#

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can set the number of background write I/O threads Mariabackup uses.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --innodb-write-io-threads=4

--kill-long-queries-timeout

Defines the timeout for blocking queries.

--kill-long-queries-timeout=#

When Mariabackup runs, it issues a FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK statement. It then identifies blocking queries. Using this option you can set a timeout in seconds for these blocking queries. When the time runs out, Mariabackup kills the queries.

The default value is 0, which causes Mariabackup to not attempt killing any queries.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --kill-long-queries-timeout=10

--kill-long-query-type

Defines the query type the utility can kill to unblock the global lock.

--kill-long-query-type=ALL | UPDATE | SELECT

When Mariabackup encounters a query that sets a global lock, it can kill the query in order to free up MariaDB Server for the backup. Using this option, you can choose the types of query it kills: SELECT, UPDATE, or both set with ALL. The default is ALL.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --kill-long-query-type=UPDATE

--lock-ddl-per-table

Prevents DDL for each table to be backed up by acquiring MDL lock on that. NOTE: Unless --no-lock option was also specified, conflicting DDL queries , will be killed at the end of backup This is done avoid deadlock between "FLUSH TABLE WITH READ LOCK", user's DDL query (ALTER, RENAME), and MDL lock on table. Only available in MariaDB 10.2.9 and later.

--log

This option has no functionality. It is set to ensure compatibility with MySQL.

--log-bin

Defines the base name for the log sequence.

--log-bin[=name]

Using this option you, you can set the base name for Mariabackup to use in log sequences.

--log-copy-interval

Defines the copy interval between checks done by the log copying thread.

--log-copy-interval=#

Using this option, you can define the copy interval Mariabackup uses between checks done by the log copying thread. The given value is in milliseconds.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --log-copy-interval=50

--move-back

Restores the backup to the data directory.

Using this command, Mariabackup moves the backup from the target directory to the data directory, as defined by the --datadir option. You must stop the MariaDB Server before running this command. The data directory must be empty. If you want to overwrite the data directory with the backup, use the --force-non-empty-directories option.

Bear in mind, before you can restore a backup, you first need to run Mariabackup with the --prepare option. In the case of full backups, this makes the files point-in-time consistent. With incremental backups, this applies the deltas to the base backup. Once the backup is prepared, you can run --move-back to apply it to MariaDB Server.

$ mariabackup --move-back \
      --datadir=/var/mysql

Running the --move-back command moves the backup files to the data directory. Use this command if you don't want to save the backup for later. If you do want to save the backup for later, use the --copy-back command.

--mysqld

Used internally to prepare a backup.

--no-backup-locks

Mariabackup locks the database by default when it runs. This option disables support for Percona Server's backup locks.

When backing up Percona Server, Mariabackup would use backup locks by default. To be specific, backup locks refers to the LOCK TABLES FOR BACKUP and LOCK BINLOG FOR BACKUP statements. This option can be used to disable support for Percona Server's backup locks. This option has no effect when the server does not support Percona's backup locks.

This option may eventually be removed. See MDEV-19753 for more information.

$ mariabackup --backup --no-backup-locks

--no-lock

Disables table locks with the FLUSH TABLE WITH READ LOCK statement.

Using this option causes Mariabackup to disable table locks with the FLUSH TABLE WITH READ LOCK statement. Only use this option if:

• You are not executing DML statements on non-InnoDB tables during the backup. This includes the mysql database system tables (which are MyISAM).
• You are not executing any DDL statements during the backup.
• You do not care if the binary log position included with the backup in xtrabackup_binlog_info is consistent with the data.
• All tables you're backing up use the InnoDB storage engine.

$ mariabackup --backup --no-lock

If you're considering --no-lock due to backups failing to acquire locks, this may be due to incoming replication events preventing the lock. Consider using the --safe-slave-backup option to momentarily stop the replication slave thread. This alternative may help the backup to succeed without resorting to --no-lock.

--no-timestamp

This option prevents creation of a time-stamped subdirectory of the BACKUP-ROOT-DIR given on the command line. When it is specified, the backup is done in BACKUP-ROOT-DIR instead. This is only valid in innobackupex mode, which can be enabled with the --innobackupex option.

--no-version-check

Disables version check.

Using this option, you can disable Mariabackup version check. If you would like to enable the version check, use the --version-check option.

$ mariabackup --backup --no-version-check

--open-files-limit

Defines the maximum number of file descriptors.

--open-file-limit=#

Using this option, you can define the maximum number of file descriptors Mariabackup reserves with setrlimit().

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --open-file-limit=

--parallel

Defines the number of threads to use for parallel data file transfer.

--parallel=#

Using this option, you can set the number of threads Mariabackup uses for parallel data file transfers. By default, it is set to 1.

-p, --password

Defines the password to use to connect to MariaDB Server.

--password=passwd

When you run Mariabackup, it connects to MariaDB Server in order to access and back up the databases and tables. Using this option, you can set the password Mariabackup uses to access the server. To set the user, use the --user option.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --user=root \
      --password=root_password

--plugin-dir

Defines the directory for server plugins.

--plugin-dir=PATH

Using this option, you can define the path Mariabackup reads for MariaDB Server plugins. It only uses it during the --prepare phase to load the encryption plugin. It defaults to the plugin_dir server system variable.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --plugin-dir=/var/mysql/lib/plugin

--plugin-load

Defines the encryption plugins to load.

--plugin-load=name

Using this option, you can define the encryption plugin you want to load. It is only used during the --prepare phase to load the encryption plugin. It defaults to the server --plugin-load option.

The option was removed starting from MariaDB 10.2.18

-P, --port

Defines the server port to connect to.

--port=#

When you run Mariabackup, it connects to MariaDB Server in order to access and back up your databases and tables. Using this option, you can set the port the utility uses to access the server over TCP/IP. To set the host, see the --host option. Use mysql --help for more details.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --host=192.168.11.1 \
      --port=3306

--prepare

Prepares an existing backup to restore to the MariaDB Server.

Files that Mariabackup generates during --backup operations in the target directory are not ready for use on the Server. Before you can restore the data to MariaDB, you first need to prepare the backup.

In the case of full backups, the files are not point in time consistent, since they were taken at different times. If you try to restore the database without first preparing the data, InnoDB rejects the new data as corrupt. Running Mariabackup with the --prepare command readies the data so you can restore it to MariaDB Server. When working with incremental backups, you need to use the --prepare command and the --incremental-dir option to update the base backup with the deltas from an incremental backup.

$ mariabackup --prepare

Once the backup is ready, you can use the --copy-back or the --move-back commands to restore the backup to the server.

--print-defaults

Prints the utility argument list, then exits.

Using this argument, MariaDB prints the argument list to stdout and then exits. You may find this useful in debugging to see how the options are set for the utility.

$ mariabackup --print-defaults

--print-param

Prints the MariaDB Server options needed for copyback.

Using this option, Mariabackup prints to stdout the MariaDB Server options that the utility requires to run the --copy-back command option.

$ mariabackup --print-param

--rsync

Defines whether to use rsync.

During normal operation, Mariabackup transfers local non-InnoDB files using a separate call to cp for each file. Using this option, you can optimize this process by performing this transfer with rsync, instead.

$ mariabackup --backup --rsync

This option is not compatible with the --stream option.

--safe-slave-backup

Stops slave SQL threads for backups.

When running Mariabackup on a server that uses replication, you may occasionally encounter locks that block backups. Using this option, it stops slave SQL threads and waits until the Slave_open_temp_tables in the SHOW STATUS statement is zero. If there are no open temporary tables, the backup runs, otherwise the SQL thread starts and stops until there are no open temporary tables.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --safe-slave-backup \
      --safe-slave-backup-timeout=500

The backup fails if the Slave_open_temp_tables doesn't reach zero after the timeout period set by the --safe-slave-backup-timeout option.

--safe-slave-backup-timeout

Defines the timeout for slave backups.

--safe-slave-backup-timeout=#

When running Mariabackup on a server that uses replication, you may occasionally encounter locks that block backups. With the --safe-slave-backup option, it waits until the Slave_open_temp_tables in the SHOW STATUS statement reaches zero. Using this option, you set how long it waits. It defaults to 300.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --safe-slave-backup \
      --safe-slave-backup-timeout=500

--secure-auth

Refuses client connections to servers using the older protocol.

Using this option, you can set it explicitly to refuse client connections to the server when using the older protocol, from before 4.1.1. This feature is enabled by default. Use the --skip-secure-auth option to disable it.

$ mariabackup --backup --secure-auth

--skip-innodb-adaptive-hash-index

Disables InnoDB Adaptive Hash Index.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option you can explicitly disable the InnoDB Adaptive Hash Index. This feature is enabled by default for Mariabackup. If you want to explicitly enable it, use --innodb-adaptive-hash-index.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --skip-innodb-adaptive-hash-index

--skip-innodb-doublewrite

Disables doublewrites for InnoDB tables.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. When doublewrites are enabled, InnoDB improves fault tolerance with a doublewrite buffer. By default this feature is turned on. Using this option you can disable it for Mariabackup. To explicitly enable doublewrites, use the --innodb-doublewrite option.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --skip-innodb-doublewrite

--skip-innodb-log-checksums

Defines whether to exclude checksums in the InnoDB logs.

Mariabackup initializes its own embedded instance of InnoDB using the same configuration as defined in the configuration file. Using this option, you can set Mariabackup to exclude checksums in the InnoDB logs. The feature is enabled by default. To explicitly enable it, use the --innodb-log-checksums option.

--skip-secure-auth

Refuses client connections to servers using the older protocol.

Using this option, you can set it accept client connections to the server when using the older protocol, from before 4.1.1. By default, it refuses these connections. Use the --secure-auth option to explicitly enable it.

$ mariabackup --backup --skip-secure-auth

--slave-info

Prints the binary log position and the name of the master server.

If the server is a replication slave, then this option causes Mariabackup to print the hostname of the slave's replication master and the binary log file and position of the slave's SQL thread to stdout.

This option also causes Mariabackup to record this information as a CHANGE MASTER command that can be used to set up a new server as a slave of the original server's master after the backup has been restored. This information will be written to to the xtrabackup_slave_info file.

Mariabackup does not check if GTIDs are being used in replication. It takes a shortcut and assumes that if the gtid_slave_pos system variable is non-empty, then it writes the CHANGE MASTER command with the MASTER_USE_GTID option set to slave_pos. Otherwise, it writes the CHANGE MASTER command with the MASTER_LOG_FILE and MASTER_LOG_POS options using the master's binary log file and position. See MDEV-19264 for more information.

$ mariabackup --slave-info

-S, --socket

Defines the socket for connecting to local database.

--socket=name

Using this option, you can define the UNIX domain socket you want to use when connecting to a local database server. The option accepts a string argument. For more information, see the mysql --help command.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --socket=/var/mysql/mysql.sock

--ssl

Enables TLS. By using this option, you can explicitly configure Mariabackup to to encrypt its connection with TLS when communicating with the server. You may find this useful when performing backups in environments where security is extra important or when operating over an insecure network.

TLS is also enabled even without setting this option when certain other TLS options are set. For example, see the descriptions of the following options:

• --ssl-ca
• --ssl-capath
• --ssl-cert
• --ssl-cipher
• --ssl-key

--ssl-ca

Defines a path to a PEM file that should contain one or more X509 certificates for trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs) to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path. For example:

--ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem 

See Secure Connections Overview: Certificate Authorities (CAs) for more information.

This option implies the --ssl option.

--ssl-capath

Defines a path to a directory that contains one or more PEM files that should each contain one X509 certificate for a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path. For example:

--ssl-capath=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca/

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem \
   --ssl-capath=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca/

The directory specified by this option needs to be run through the openssl rehash command.

See Secure Connections Overview: Certificate Authorities (CAs) for more information

This option implies the --ssl option.

--ssl-cert

Defines a path to the X509 certificate file to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path. For example:

--ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem

This option implies the --ssl option.

--ssl-cipher

Defines the list of permitted ciphers or cipher suites to use for TLS. For example:

--ssl-cipher=name

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem
   --ssl-cipher=TLSv1.2

To determine if the server restricts clients to specific ciphers, check the ssl_cipher system variable.

This option implies the --ssl option.

--ssl-crl

Defines a path to a PEM file that should contain one or more revoked X509 certificates to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path. For example:

--ssl-crl=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/crl.pem

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem \
   --ssl-crl=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/crl.pem

See Secure Connections Overview: Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) for more information.

This option is only supported if Mariabackup was built with OpenSSL. If Mariabackup was built with yaSSL, then this option is not supported. See TLS and Cryptography Libraries Used by MariaDB for more information about which libraries are used on which platforms.

--ssl-crlpath

Defines a path to a directory that contains one or more PEM files that should each contain one revoked X509 certificate to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path. For example:

--ssl-crlpath=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/crl/

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem \
   --ssl-crlpath=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/crl/ 

The directory specified by this option needs to be run through the openssl rehash command.

See Secure Connections Overview: Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) for more information.

This option is only supported if Mariabackup was built with OpenSSL. If Mariabackup was built with yaSSL, then this option is not supported. See TLS and Cryptography Libraries Used by MariaDB for more information about which libraries are used on which platforms.

--ssl-key

Defines a path to a private key file to use for TLS. This option requires that you use the absolute path, not a relative path. For example:

--ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem

This option implies the --ssl option.

--ssl-verify-server-cert

Enables server certificate verification. This option is disabled by default.

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem \
   --ssl-verify-server-cert

--stream

Streams backup files to stdout.

--stream=xbstream

Using this command option, you can set Mariabackup to stream the backup files to stdout in the given format. Currently, the supported format is xbstream.

$ mariabackup --stream=xbstream > backup.xb

To extract all files from the xbstream archive into a directory use the mbstream utility

$ mbstream  -x < backup.xb

If a backup is streamed, then Mariabackup will record the format in the xtrabackup_info file.

--tables

Defines the tables you want to include in the backup.

--tables=REGEX

Using this option, you can define what tables you want Mariabackup to back up from the database. The table values are defined using Regular Expressions. To define the tables you want to exclude from the backup, see the --tables-exclude option.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --databases=example
     --tables=nodes_* \
     --tables-exclude=nodes_tmp

If a backup is a partial backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

--tables-exclude

Defines the tables you want to exclude from the backup.

--tables-exclude=REGEX

Using this option, you can define what tables you want Mariabackup to exclude from the backup. The table values are defined using Regular Expressions. To define the tables you want to include from the backup, see the --tables option.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --databases=example
     --tables=nodes_* \
     --tables-exclude=nodes_tmp

If a backup is a partial backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

--tables-file

Defines path to file with tables for backups.

--tables-file=/path/to/file

Using this option, you can set a path to a file listing the tables you want to back up. Mariabackup iterates over each line in the file. The format is database.table.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --databases=example \
     --tables-file=/etc/mysql/backup-file

If a backup is a partial backup, then Mariabackup will record that detail in the xtrabackup_info file.

--target-dir

Defines the destination directory.

--target-dir=/path/to/target

Using this option you can define the destination directory for the backup. Mariabackup writes all backup files to this directory. Mariabackup will create the directory, if it does not exist (but it will not create the full path recursively, i.e. at least parent directory if the --target-dir must exist=

$ mariabackup --backup \
       --target-dir=/data/backups

--throttle

Defines the limit for I/O operations per second in IOS values.

--throttle=#

Using this option, you can set a limit on the I/O operations Mariabackup performs per second in IOS values. It is only used during the --backup command option.

--tls-version

This option accepts a comma-separated list of TLS protocol versions. A TLS protocol version will only be enabled if it is present in this list. All other TLS protocol versions will not be permitted. For example:

--tls-version="TLSv1.2,TLSv1.3"

This option is usually used with other TLS options. For example:

$ mariabackup --backup \
   --ssl-cert=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-cert.pem \
   --ssl-key=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/client-key.pem \
   --ssl-ca=/etc/my.cnf.d/certificates/ca.pem \
   --tls-version="TLSv1.2,TLSv1.3"

This option was added in MariaDB 10.4.6.

See Secure Connections Overview: TLS Protocol Versions for more information.

-t, --tmpdir

Defines path for temporary files.

--tmpdir=/path/tmp[;/path/tmp...]

Using this option, you can define the path to a directory Mariabackup uses in writing temporary files. If you want to use more than one, separate the values by a semicolon (that is, ;). When passing multiple temporary directories, it cycles through them using round-robin.

$ mariabackup --backup \
     --tmpdir=/data/tmp;/tmp

--use-memory

Defines the buffer pool size.

--use-memory=124M

Using this option, you can define the buffer pool size for Mariabackup. Use it instead of buffer_pool_size.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --use-memory=124M

--user

Defines the username for connecting to the MariaDB Server.

--user=name
-u name

When Mariabackup runs it connects to the specified MariaDB Server to get its backups. Using this option, you can define the database user uses for authentication.

$ mariabackup --backup \
      --user=root \
      --password=root_passwd

--version

Prints version information.

Using this option, you can print the Mariabackup version information to stdout.

$ mariabackup --version

--version-check

Enables version check.

Using this option, you can enable Mariabackup version check. If you would like to disable the version check, use the --no-version-check option.

$ mariabackup --backup --version-check