reference back(); | ||
const_reference back() const; |
Returns reference to the last element in the container.
Calling back
on an empty container is undefined.
(none).
Reference to the last element.
Constant.
For a container c
, the expression return c.back();
is equivalent to { auto tmp = c.end(); --tmp; return *tmp; }
The following code uses back
to display the last element of a std::vector<char>
:
#include <vector> #include <iostream> int main() { std::vector<char> letters {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'}; if (!letters.empty()) { std::cout << "The last character is: " << letters.back() << '\n'; } }
Output:
The last character is f
access the first element (public member function) |
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