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Class SecurityComponent

The Security Component creates an easy way to integrate tighter security in your application. It provides methods for various tasks like:

Restricting which HTTP methods your application accepts.
Form tampering protection
Requiring that SSL be used.
Limiting cross controller communication.

Cake\Controller\Component implements Cake\Event\EventListenerInterface uses Cake\Core\InstanceConfigTrait , Cake\Log\LogTrait

Cake\Controller\Component\SecurityComponent

Namespace: Cake\Controller\Component
Link: https://book.cakephp.org/3.0/en/controllers/components/security.html
Location: Controller/Component/SecurityComponent.php

Constants summary

string

DEFAULT_EXCEPTION_MESSAGE

'The request has been black-holed'

Properties summary

$_action protected

string
Holds the current action of the controller
$_defaultConfig protected

array
Default config
$session public

Cake\Http\Session
The Session object

Inherited Properties

_componentMap, _registry, components, request, response _config, _configInitialized

Method Summary

_authRequired() protected deprecated
Check if authentication is required
_callback() protected
Calls a controller callback method
_debugCheckFields() protected
Iterates data array to check against expected
_debugExpectedFields() protected
Generate debug message for the expected fields
_debugPostTokenNotMatching() protected
Create a message for humans to understand why Security token is not matching
_fieldsList() protected
Return the fields list for the hash calculation
_hashParts() protected
Return hash parts for the Token generation
_matchExistingFields() protected

Generate array of messages for the existing fields in POST data, matching dataFields in $expectedFields will be unset
_requireMethod() protected
Sets the actions that require a $method HTTP request, or empty for all actions
_secureRequired() protected
Check if access requires secure connection
_sortedUnlocked() protected
Get the sorted unlocked string
_throwException() protected
Check debug status and throw an Exception based on the existing one
_unlocked() protected
Get the unlocked string
_validToken() protected
Check if token is valid
_validatePost() protected
Validate submitted form
blackHole() public

Black-hole an invalid request with a 400 error or custom callback. If SecurityComponent::$blackHoleCallback is specified, it will use this callback by executing the method indicated in $error
generateToken() public

Manually add form tampering prevention token information into the provided request object.
implementedEvents() public
Events supported by this component.
requireAuth() public deprecated
Sets the actions that require whitelisted form submissions.
requireSecure() public
Sets the actions that require a request that is SSL-secured, or empty for all actions
startup() public
Component startup. All security checking happens here.

Method Detail

_authRequired()source protected deprecated

_authRequired( Cake\Controller\Controller $controller )

Check if authentication is required

Deprecated

3.2.2 This feature is confusing and not useful.

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Controller $controller: Instantiating controller

Returns

boolean
true if authentication required

_callback()source protected

_callback( Cake\Controller\Controller $controller , string $method , array $params = [] )

Calls a controller callback method

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Controller $controller: Instantiating controller
string $method: Method to execute
array $params optional []: Parameters to send to method

Returns

mixed
Controller callback method's response

Throws

Cake\Http\Exception\BadRequestException
When a the blackholeCallback is not callable.

_debugCheckFields()source protected

_debugCheckFields( array $dataFields , array $expectedFields = [] , string $intKeyMessage = '' , string $stringKeyMessage = '' , string $missingMessage = '' )

Iterates data array to check against expected

Parameters

array $dataFields: Fields array, containing the POST data fields
array $expectedFields optional []: Fields array, containing the expected fields we should have in POST
string $intKeyMessage optional '': Message string if unexpected found in data fields indexed by int (not protected)
string $stringKeyMessage optional '': Message string if tampered found in data fields indexed by string (protected)
string $missingMessage optional '': Message string if missing field

Returns

array
Messages

_debugExpectedFields()source protected

_debugExpectedFields( array $expectedFields = [] , string $missingMessage = '' )

Generate debug message for the expected fields

Parameters

array $expectedFields optional []: Expected fields
string $missingMessage optional '': Message template

Returns

string|null
Error message about expected fields

_debugPostTokenNotMatching()source protected

_debugPostTokenNotMatching( Cake\Controller\Controller $controller , array $hashParts )

Create a message for humans to understand why Security token is not matching

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Controller $controller: Instantiating controller
array $hashParts: Elements used to generate the Token hash

Returns

string
Message explaining why the tokens are not matching

_fieldsList()source protected

_fieldsList( array $check )

Return the fields list for the hash calculation

Parameters

array $check: Data array

Returns

array

_hashParts()source protected

_hashParts( Cake\Controller\Controller $controller )

Return hash parts for the Token generation

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Controller $controller: Instantiating controller

Returns

array

_matchExistingFields()source protected

_matchExistingFields( array $dataFields , array $expectedFields , string $intKeyMessage , string $stringKeyMessage )

Generate array of messages for the existing fields in POST data, matching dataFields in $expectedFields will be unset

Parameters

array $dataFields: Fields array, containing the POST data fields
array $expectedFields: Fields array, containing the expected fields we should have in POST
string $intKeyMessage: Message string if unexpected found in data fields indexed by int (not protected)
string $stringKeyMessage: Message string if tampered found in data fields indexed by string (protected)

Returns

array
Error messages

_requireMethod()source protected

_requireMethod( string $method , array $actions = [] )

Sets the actions that require a $method HTTP request, or empty for all actions

Parameters

string $method: The HTTP method to assign controller actions to
array $actions optional []: Controller actions to set the required HTTP method to.

_secureRequired()source protected

_secureRequired( Cake\Controller\Controller $controller )

Check if access requires secure connection

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Controller $controller: Instantiating controller

Returns

boolean
true if secure connection required

_sortedUnlocked()source protected

_sortedUnlocked( array $data )

Get the sorted unlocked string

Parameters

array $data: Data array

Returns

string

_throwException()source protected

_throwException( Cake\Controller\Exception\SecurityException|null $exception = null )

Check debug status and throw an Exception based on the existing one

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Exception\SecurityException|null $exception optional null: Additional debug info describing the cause

Throws

Cake\Http\Exception\BadRequestException

_unlocked()source protected

_unlocked( array $data )

Get the unlocked string

Parameters

array $data: Data array

Returns

string

_validToken()source protected

_validToken( Cake\Controller\Controller $controller )

Check if token is valid

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Controller $controller: Instantiating controller

Returns

string
fields token

Throws

Cake\Controller\Exception\SecurityException

_validatePost()source protected

_validatePost( Cake\Controller\Controller $controller )

Validate submitted form

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Controller $controller: Instantiating controller

Returns

boolean
true if submitted form is valid

Throws

Cake\Controller\Exception\AuthSecurityException

blackHole()source public

blackHole( Cake\Controller\Controller $controller , string $error = '' , Cake\Controller\Exception\SecurityException $exception = null )

Black-hole an invalid request with a 400 error or custom callback. If SecurityComponent::$blackHoleCallback is specified, it will use this callback by executing the method indicated in $error

Parameters

Cake\Controller\Controller $controller: Instantiating controller
string $error optional '': Error method
Cake\Controller\Exception\SecurityException $exception optional null: Additional debug info describing the cause

Returns

mixed
If specified, controller blackHoleCallback's response, or no return otherwise

Throws

Cake\Http\Exception\BadRequestException

See

\Cake\Controller\Component\SecurityComponent::$blackHoleCallback

Link

https://book.cakephp.org/3.0/en/controllers/components/security.html#handling-blackhole-callbacks

generateToken()source public

generateToken( Cake\Http\ServerRequest $request )

Manually add form tampering prevention token information into the provided request object.

Parameters

Cake\Http\ServerRequest $request: The request object to add into.

Returns

Cake\Http\ServerRequest
The modified request.

implementedEvents()source public

implementedEvents( )

Events supported by this component.

Returns

array

Overrides

Cake\Controller\Component::implementedEvents()

requireAuth()source public deprecated

requireAuth( string|array $actions )

Sets the actions that require whitelisted form submissions.

Adding actions with this method will enforce the restrictions set in SecurityComponent::$allowedControllers and SecurityComponent::$allowedActions.

Deprecated

3.2.2 This feature is confusing and not useful.

Parameters

string|array $actions: Actions list

requireSecure()source public

requireSecure( string|array|null $actions = null )

Sets the actions that require a request that is SSL-secured, or empty for all actions

Parameters

string|array|null $actions optional null: Actions list

startup()source public

startup( Cake\Event\Event $event )

Component startup. All security checking happens here.

Parameters

Cake\Event\Event $event: An Event instance

Returns

mixed

Methods inherited from Cake\Controller\Component

__construct()source public

__construct( Cake\Controller\ComponentRegistry $registry , array $config = [] )

Constructor

Parameters

Cake\Controller\ComponentRegistry $registry: A ComponentRegistry this component can use to lazy load its components
array $config optional []: Array of configuration settings.

__debugInfo()source public

__debugInfo( )

Returns an array that can be used to describe the internal state of this object.

Returns

array

__get()source public

__get( string $name )

Magic method for lazy loading $components.

Parameters

string $name: Name of component to get.

Returns

mixed
A Component object or null.

getController()source public

getController( )

Get the controller this component is bound to.

Returns

Cake\Controller\Controller
The bound controller.

initialize()source public

initialize( array $config )

Constructor hook method.

Implement this method to avoid having to overwrite the constructor and call parent.

Parameters

array $config: The configuration settings provided to this component.

Methods used from Cake\Core\InstanceConfigTrait

_configDelete()source protected

_configDelete( string $key )

Deletes a single config key.

Parameters

string $key: Key to delete.

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
if attempting to clobber existing config

_configRead()source protected

_configRead( string|null $key )

Reads a config key.

Parameters

string|null $key: Key to read.

Returns

mixed

_configWrite()source protected

_configWrite( string|array $key , mixed $value , boolean|string $merge = false )

Writes a config key.

Parameters

string|array $key: Key to write to.
mixed $value: Value to write.
boolean|string $merge optional false: True to merge recursively, 'shallow' for simple merge, false to overwrite, defaults to false.

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
if attempting to clobber existing config

config()source public deprecated

config( string|array|null $key = null , mixed|null $value = null , boolean $merge = true )

Gets/Sets the config.

Usage

Reading the whole config:

$this->config();

Reading a specific value:

$this->config('key');

Reading a nested value:

$this->config('some.nested.key');

Setting a specific value:

$this->config('key', $value);

Setting a nested value:

$this->config('some.nested.key', $value);

Updating multiple config settings at the same time:

$this->config(['one' => 'value', 'another' => 'value']);

Deprecated

3.4.0 use setConfig()/getConfig() instead.

Parameters

string|array|null $key optional null: The key to get/set, or a complete array of configs.
mixed|null $value optional null: The value to set.
boolean $merge optional true: Whether to recursively merge or overwrite existing config, defaults to true.

Returns

mixed
Config value being read, or the object itself on write operations.

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
When trying to set a key that is invalid.

configShallow()source public

configShallow( string|array $key , mixed|null $value = null )

Merge provided config with existing config. Unlike config() which does a recursive merge for nested keys, this method does a simple merge.

Setting a specific value:

$this->configShallow('key', $value);

Setting a nested value:

$this->configShallow('some.nested.key', $value);

Updating multiple config settings at the same time:

$this->configShallow(['one' => 'value', 'another' => 'value']);

Parameters

string|array $key: The key to set, or a complete array of configs.
mixed|null $value optional null: The value to set.

Returns

$this

getConfig()source public

getConfig( string|null $key = null , mixed $default = null )

Returns the config.

Usage

Reading the whole config:

$this->getConfig();

Reading a specific value:

$this->getConfig('key');

Reading a nested value:

$this->getConfig('some.nested.key');

Reading with default value:

$this->getConfig('some-key', 'default-value');

Parameters

string|null $key optional null: The key to get or null for the whole config.
mixed $default optional null: The return value when the key does not exist.

Returns

mixed
Configuration data at the named key or null if the key does not exist.

setConfig()source public

setConfig( string|array $key , mixed|null $value = null , boolean $merge = true )

Sets the config.

Usage

Setting a specific value:

$this->setConfig('key', $value);

Setting a nested value:

$this->setConfig('some.nested.key', $value);

Updating multiple config settings at the same time:

$this->setConfig(['one' => 'value', 'another' => 'value']);

Parameters

string|array $key: The key to set, or a complete array of configs.
mixed|null $value optional null: The value to set.
boolean $merge optional true: Whether to recursively merge or overwrite existing config, defaults to true.

Returns

$this

Throws

Cake\Core\Exception\Exception
When trying to set a key that is invalid.

Methods used from Cake\Log\LogTrait

log()source public

log( mixed $msg , integer|string $level = LogLevel::ERROR , string|array $context = [] )

Convenience method to write a message to Log. See Log::write() for more information on writing to logs.

Parameters

mixed $msg: Log message.
integer|string $level optional LogLevel::ERROR: Error level.
string|array $context optional []: Additional log data relevant to this message.

Returns

boolean
Success of log write.

Properties detail

$_actionsource

protected string

Holds the current action of the controller

$_defaultConfigsource

protected array

Default config

blackHoleCallback - The controller method that will be called if this request is black-hole'd.
requireSecure - List of actions that require an SSL-secured connection.
requireAuth - List of actions that require a valid authentication key. Deprecated as of 3.2.2
allowedControllers - Controllers from which actions of the current controller are allowed to receive requests.
allowedActions - Actions from which actions of the current controller are allowed to receive requests.
unlockedFields - Form fields to exclude from POST validation. Fields can be unlocked either in the Component, or with FormHelper::unlockField(). Fields that have been unlocked are not required to be part of the POST and hidden unlocked fields do not have their values checked.
unlockedActions - Actions to exclude from POST validation checks. Other checks like requireAuth(), requireSecure() etc. will still be applied.
validatePost - Whether to validate POST data. Set to false to disable for data coming from 3rd party services, etc.

[
    'blackHoleCallback' => null,
    'requireSecure' => [],
    'requireAuth' => [],
    'allowedControllers' => [],
    'allowedActions' => [],
    'unlockedFields' => [],
    'unlockedActions' => [],
    'validatePost' => true
]

$sessionsource

public Cake\Http\Session

The Session object

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https://api.cakephp.org/3.8/class-Cake.Controller.Component.SecurityComponent.html